Trabalho, Educação e Saúde - TES (Work, Education and Health) is an open access scientific journal, edited by the Joaquim Venâncio Polytechnic School of Health, from Oswaldo Cruz Foundation.
Editorial
Article
It is aimed to analyse the work of the professionals from Samu (Service of Mobile Emergency) and the Nacional Humanization Politics (PNH) developed by the Unique Health System (SUS) from the standpoint of human activity. Wondering about the possibilities of 'humanizing the Samu work process' and about the 'act in competence' in the mobile health emergency since the ergologic regardings. The article has as primary basis marxist references on debating about the work process as production of values of use; forththwith, a dialogue about the work process regarding health care since the authors of Public Heath and PNH field. The ergologic perspective about labor is further discussed on the next item, in such a way that contributes to the analisis of Samu/Belo Horizonte workers activities, during the attendance for an accident occurrence.
Article
This article aims to discuss the work done in the health area and to present a tool to train workers under the light of the expanded concept of health, based on three main theoretical frameworks: Yves Schwartz' ergology demarche and its dynamic threepole tool; Emerson Elias Merhy's cartography of the micropolitics of living work in the act; and the popular health education, inspired in Paulo Freire. It is hoped that this study will contribute to a reflection on and to the construction of a training strategy to enhance the integration of students in practical activities that emphasize the shared construction of knowledge and, especially, encourage the production and realization of knowledge and relational aspects that make up the technological core in health care.
Article
How to recognize work when is not work anymore? This question entails two aspects: the first one is a question of method (how to recognize work?). The second one is about this hypothetical subject that is 'work when it is not work anymore?'. If we talk about non-profit and informal work opposed to 'standard' work, then 'work that is not work anymore' is actually still work. Although, from an ethnocentric point of view, it is different from 'standard' work, which is supposed to be a reference in order to identify the nature of human activities. However, when analyzing the norm in informal activities, whatever the prevailing kind of work in a society, and from a conceptual as well as from a practical point of view, allows us to consider that a social human activity cannot be informal. A few methodological points will help us to understand these activities supposed to be informal, focusing on ergonomic's and ergology's epistemic principles.
Article
The experience of teaching and working in occupational therapy has indicated some educational gaps in the professional education in the field: the very nature of being occupational therapist and its technical and methodological implications; the understanding and identification of the workers with the field and, also, the role of human activity as a therapeutic resource. In order to give a contribution to resolve it, it has been developed the so called Excavation Method that was created on the basis of academic and clinical practice. In this article, the method is presented and analyzed considering the theoretical and methodological relations between practice (academic and clinical) and the ergologic approach. The argument is based on a case study undertaken in a PhD course. The field work was developed with a group called Study Group of Human Activity (Geah) of the Methodist Institute of Porto Alegre (IPA). The main conclusion is that the Excavation Method and the Tree Poles Dynamic Dispositive have strong relationship. The method allowed confrontation and interchanging of knowledge and values between those people situated in the pole of experience and those of the conceptual pole, in the field of occupational therapy. The students renormalized their knowledge and gave new meaning for their daily life and working experience confirming the therapeutic and creational power of human activity.
Article
On the basis of the results presented on the research project entitled "Changes of the world of work on the communication companies", this article discusses characteristics of the values and choices inherent to the work activity of professionals of communication. The first part discusses the centrality of the work and of the communication on the contemporaneous society. Here the theoretical reference is the concept of human activity of work, from which an approximation between the ontology of the social being of Marx and the ergological approach is established. On the second part of the article we discuss the contradictions, evinced by the research project, that are present on the professional practice of the communication in relation to the right to information. The research project presents the analysis of data obtained by means of interviews with professionals of communication, employees of two different communication companies. The discussion allows us to evince the professional values and the injunctions of the system of production on the selfdebates and selfconflicts that the workers faces when making their professional choices, in the context of the system of the big conglomerates of communication and media fusion companies. As a conclusion a balance of the indicators resulted from the research is presented.
communication; world of work; human work a
Article
The article deals with vocational training and skills required in the activity of nursing staff in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) in conjunction with the 'body-self' and the health of these workers. It discusses the issue of jurisdiction in synergy with other issues relevant to her, as the ratio of service and suffering→pleasure working. The perspective of Ergology guides the investigative effort, incorporating other materials such as Zarifian and Dejours. At the methodological level, even taking the viewpoint of activity as synthetic operator, made visits to the NICU, survey and analysis of documents and operated with the device Meetings on the Work of the Community Extended Search. It was concluded that this collective assistants built a heritage of practical knowledge about their work and a basis minimally effective transmission of this heritage. Using the approach of 'work labor psychodynamics', it was emphasized that the character challenging work in the NICU has, which also involves coping with the suffering of mothers and relatives of newborns, including as a defense against his own suffering, avoiding a pathogenic way. It was also highlighted the importance of the possibility of renormatization, recentering of the environment in which they work, the extent that their values can be expressed. It was observed, finally, that there is a pressing demand for formal qualifications by these workers, which would provide, among other important benefits, greater social recognition, with positives effects to the health.
Article
The paper is about an analysis of the activity of a physical education teacher in her first experience as a teacher in a polyvalent public school of the state net of teaching in Espírito Santo state. It aims at understanding how engendered the strategies in the school daily life that enabled Physical Education teachers to work with health and escape from sickening are. The methodology used is constituted through the conceptual-methodological tools formulated by ergology, combining techniques of data production, like journals, interviews and their self confrontation. The teaching activity analysis finds the incessant struggle of the teachers amid the uses of themselves and the uses of themselves by others.
Article
The article focuses on team work within multiprofessional health meetings. It presents results of a research that intended to understand how workers experience the interrelationships, in the context of health care practices in infectious diseases in the hospitalization sector of a Research Institute. The theoretical and methodological references articulated contributions of Schwartz's Ergology and the National Policy of Humanization. The qualitative research used observation techniques and semi-structured interviews. The analysis of empirical material was based on the technique of content analysis in its thematic analysis. Among the main results, we found that workers want to find an effective way to work in teams, resulting in a comprehensive and humanizing health care, but a prevailing attitude of waiting for the subject of change, demonstrates the need to make the management they do of their own work process become visible, to encourage the protagonism of subjects and a management perspective in which all subjects can feel coresponsible for the direction of health care provided.
Article
From the analysis of work situations, it is observed that the management of work is not the responsibility of the individual but of relatively pertinent collective entities. They are what enable the renormalizations, building talks so that the renormalizations do not occur in an individualistic movement, but in the synergy of the construction of a historical heritage. Reflexions concerning two services of a public hospital in Brazil are retaken and, with an ergological perspective, it is discussed that these collective entities are not predetermined, as they emerge from the debates of norms and values that occur in developing activities. In the service of marking of exams and the ward service, the norms correspond simultaneously to norms related to procedures and organization of work, but they also correspond to the singular treatment of specific situations of the patients who pose a debate without measurement scale (the common good) and measurable values (market). The process that happens has consequences in the work of managers and workers of the services, and also the work of the intervener-ergologist, for whom it's a primary task to better understand collectively the interrelationship of these values and how to better work with them in the management process.
Article
The article emphasizes the potentials dangers to the security and to the health (especially the mind ones), associated to the quality of work's process and to the standard of management work used by the Schlumberger multinational company. Both of these components associated to the main aspects of the petroleum industry tend to endanger its workers to increase their psychological costs (cognitive, affective) in their biopsychical (body itself) integrality. Trails denote the inappropriate workers structure and their despair to deal with the intensity of the 'use of itself drama'. The reach of 'pathogenic suffering' on workers structure, the compromising with the possibility of sublimation and the possibility to transform suffering on creativity (condition of 'possibility circulations') is argued. The theoretic and methodological reference emphasizes the activity's ergonomic and the psychodynamics of work in a ergological perspective. The methods operationalize a dynamic device of three poles (DD3P) on 'meetings about work' and on interviews semi-structured which valorizes the recurrence.
Article
There can be a dual approach to every work situation. It is the place where a task is done, one which has been planned previously and which leads the worker to an intense intellectual activity. But it is also a unique moment in life, with its arbitrations. In this case, the task is no longer seen as the first. In fact, it enters the realms of the debate of rules that characterize the worker's activity from the critical perspective, the one of the choices a human being never ceases making. We believe these two perspectives correspond to Pierre Pastré and Yves Schwartz's views, respectively. They complement and enrich the analysis: the intersection between them gives rise, notably, to an unprecedented emphasis on the issue of skills.
Article
The objective of this article is to analyze the influence of work conditions in Family Health Nursing activities and the renormalizations they produce. It is a qualitative study carried out in a municipality in southern Brazil, involving an intentional sample of ten registered nurses. Methodological triangulation was used with the data collected through documental research, observation, and self-facing interviews. The software Atlasti 5 and the foundations of historical dialectic materialism, was used to treat and analyze the data, as well as ergology. The results demonstrate that inadequate work conditions such as insufficient workforce and precariousness in work instruments contradict or impede reaching the objectives of promoting health and integrity, as prescribed by the Family Health norms. We conclude that given these conditions, nurses renormalize their activities based on the values of one's right to health, access to health, and integrality, and become overloaded in their nursing work.
Article
The principal objective of this study is to highlight the 'managerial dimension' in telemarketing activity. The ergological perspective understands work as a unique encounter with a task to be performed, which, within its variability, always requires management by the workers. This management is intimately related to the capacity to define and produce illness and health. In order to grasp the complexity and singularity of working in telemarketing, beyond that which is visible and quantifiable in the prescriptions, the use of the Instructions for the Double technique and Meetings about Work was tried, with a view to providing the workers with a reflection upon and a discourse about the work. Restandardizations were observed in another use of the prescriptions: pauses, script and voice, by means of which telemarketers make their mark. The value of the jobin contrasts to the negative repercussions on health, falling ill and suffering, with close monitoring of behavior, time and space. The conclusion is that health professionals, researchers and the workers themselves must acknowledge the considering of the 'managerial dimension', in its singularity, as a fundamental element for preventing illnesses and promoting health.
Ensaio
This paper discusses, from the perspective of ergology, the concept of work. We place the definitions of it throughout history by different currents of thought and debate about the unprecedented nature, invisible and visible of labor. What it entails and what it allows us to infer in terms of collective and personal human investment. What it reveals in terms of continuity of ways of doing and what it omits in terms of knowledge invested. We seek to rework the notion of work, trying to explain the dilemmas evoked. Finally, we suggest how this review of the concept of work could also interrogate the historian's work.
Experience Report
The testimony reveals aspects of labor relations, focusing primarily on labor rights protection and health risks. Maneover, it presents historical elements of collaboration between teachers and researchers at the Univesity of Oran, Algeria, and research faculty of the Departement of Ergology University of Provence, France for project implementation and training of occupational physicians.