Trabalho, Educação e Saúde - TES (Work, Education and Health) is an open access scientific journal, edited by the Joaquim Venâncio Polytechnic School of Health, from Oswaldo Cruz Foundation.
Editorial
Article
The National Curricular Directives for undergraduates in the health area were approved in 2002, in an attempt to break the biomedical paradigm with regards to the production of knowledge and professions. With the purpose of adapting to those directives, the Physiotherapy course at the State University of Londrina reformulated its curriculum and, included among the alterations, it expanded the class hours and restructured the Collective Health discipline. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether the Collective Health content of the new curriculum covers the formation of abilities under the curricular directives, as well as evaluating student perceptions with regards to their formation for working with basic health care. Accordingly, a documentary analysis of the content of interviews given by graduating students in the last semester of their courses was carried out. It was ascertained that the content analyzed covers essential aspects of social sciences and humanities in health, and that the apprenticeship in basic health care was what most provided experience in team work. Despite assessing the Collective Health classes positively, the students suggested that the theoretical discussions be more articulated to the apprenticeship, because, accordingly, there would be greater opportunities for learning the work of physiotherapy in the basic health care arena more effectively.
Article
The purpose of this research is to analyze social practices in the work of community health agents (ACSs) in the city of Recife, state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Accordingly, a qualitative approach was adopted, whose theoretical-methodological aspects were founded on historical and dialectic materialism. ACSs have a unique role, because they deal with an important crosssection of social classes in their work and living spaces. Despite the institutionalization of their work, it still contains references forged during their work with the community and the population at large. We emphasize that the institutionalization of the work of ACSs, in and of itself, is a contradictory and conflicting process from the standpoint of institutional policy, since the practice developed by them incorporates popular wisdom and practices that may create tensions. At the same time, it is important to remember that the territory where the ACSs live and operate exerts an influence on their professional production.
Article
This study analyzes the trajectory of professional proposals defined in the guidelines of course curricula for Dentistry in Brazil, until the implementation of new national curricula directives. The current situation of courses that have adopted such directives and the adhesion to Pró-Saúde is also analyzed, with formation service guidelines. This curriculum proposal for collective health content for the Dentistry Course at the Federal University of Santa Catarina, its constructive logic, the theoretical and practical activities, the experience of students and professors in the Public Health System (SUS), work periods and distribution in the course curriculum are also all analyzed. The proposal is presented as an innovative alternative whose differential is synthesized in the concept of instructing students with a concept of collective health that comes before the formation of any traditionally taught dentistry-centered concepts, thus bringing students closer to a custom of collective health.
Article
This study had a qualitative approach, with the purpose of understanding users' perceptions of health services provided by professors and students of undergraduate courses in health at a university in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, and on the repercussions of this participation on their own health and quality of life. The data was collected by the indepth interview technique from twenty individuals who sought treatment in locations where teaching-learning processes were carried out. The data analysis-reflection-synthesis process, based on the theoretical reference adopted, indicated positive repercussions on users' quality of life and health, particularly with regards to the attributes identified in interactions that permeated the treatment of the specific necessities presented by them. The set of categories identified in the professor-student-user interactions may be characterized as a construct of humanized attention in teaching-learning processes, which in and of themselves, represent a space for treatment and its execution for all the participants, because of their care-related attributes. Processes of this nature may contribute to the establishment of curricular directives, integrated with public health policies, which could be directed at full and humanized health care, considering the promotion of the quality of life of the population in different contexts.
Article
There is a discrepancy between the demands of the labor market in the health sector and professional technical colleges. The quest for comprehension of one of the aspects pertaining to the distance between professional formation of technicians in clinical analyses and the necessities of the labor market is the focus of this research. The general purpose of this study is to understand the teaching methodology used by professors in biosecurity at technical colleges that offer courses in clinical analyses, in conjunction with a high school in the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro, where data was collected from Public Teaching Units of the State of Rio de Janeiro. When dealing with a case study with a qualitative approach, information was obtained by means of recorded interviews that were guided by a semi-structured questionnaire, whose content was analyzed by three biosecurity professors. The results of the survey indicate the necessity for reformulations in pedagogic practice, enabling the formation of technicians in clinical analyses to be more in line with the actual necessities of the private or public market represented by the Public Health System (SUS).
Article
The purpose of this article is to analyze the concepts that guide the practices of health promotion by professionals at a family health unit in the city of João Pessoa, state of Paraíba, Brazil. A qualitative survey was carried out, with interview techniques and participatory observations, involving semi-structured interviews and field diaries. Data was collected between April and May, 2010. The key participants were six members of a health promotion management commission and another two professionals, recommended by the commission, thus totaling eight interviewees. The interviews and the field diaries were analyzed based on the discourse analysis method. The analysis categories were concepts of health promotion, knowledge of the National Health Promotion Policy and health promotion initiatives, from planning to execution. Documents from international conferences on health promotion and the National Health Promotion Policy were all used as theoretical references. The interviewees proved to have an extensive knowledge of health care, which directly influenced their concept of health promotion; however, there is incoherence between the discourse and the practice. This study is expected to contribute to a reflection on the health promotion activities undertaken by these professionals.
Review
Review
Ensaio
With more than one hundred years of history, the division of labor in dentistry is a process that is affected by distinct and sometimes opposing principles: professional (social) and administrative (technical/economic). The circumstances created by the historical dynamics of these recursively contending principles redefine the possibilities of their operation. In Brazil today, the inordinate number of dentistry surgeons in the dentistry field has created anomalies in the professionalization process in Brazil, as well as ineffectiveness and unfairness in the rationalization process and expansion of the division of labor (team work) in the Public Health System (SUS), particularly with regards to the basic health care provided by the Family Health Strategy, and the perpetuation of interpretative disputes around normative instruments in the legal system, such as law no. 11,889/2008, which governs the professions of buccal health technician and buccal health assistant. All of these are crucial elements for the future of the organization of the buccal health sector of basic health care, as well as the future disposition of the work force in the epidemiological transition process that is currently underway in the country.
Interview