Trabalho, Educação e Saúde - TES (Work, Education and Health) is an open access scientific journal, edited by the Joaquim Venâncio Polytechnic School of Health, from Oswaldo Cruz Foundation.
Editorial
Ensaio
This article analyses the recently promulgated 5.154/04 decree on professional education, taking into account the structural limitations imposed by capitalism on education, manifested in the structural dualism of the school system. From there on, the article brings back the idea of polytechnic education as (still) a new perspective for the theoretical, political and pedagogical debate on professional education.
Article
The development of professors is a highly important subject at a time when undergraduate programs in all higher-education health courses are going through changes in their curricula and methodologies. This article analyses ideas, propositions and characteristics of the process. By dialoguing with the existing literature, we analyze not only teaching for higher-education in health as a complex and interdisciplinary social practice but also the development of health professors, seeking, thus, to learn the peculiarities, potentials and challenges of the processes. This way, the practice of the professor is considered a crucial axis in training health professionals.
Article
The Family Health Program, which was adopted by the Municipal Health Secretariat of the city of Vitória, in the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo, as a strategy for structuring municipal primary health care, has been requiring its professionals to have knowledge and skills that are generally not stressed in their academic education. Moreover, the constant input of new concepts and technologies and the demand of the population for health services that are appropriate for their specific needs require health professionals to constantly improve. The municipal health secretariat, responding to these needs, has implemented in 2001 (and institutionalized in 2003) the Permanent Education program for graduate professionals of the Family Health Program staff. This program's actions have been guided by a new notion of continued education, which involves evidence-based contextualized learning that uses innovative methodologies such as peer reviewing and problem-based learning.
Article
This article's main objective is to present the different meanings that the term employability has acquired both at the conception and throughout the development of training policies for the work force in Brazil in the 1990's, a process which was highly influenced by neoliberal thinking. In order to do so, we minutely examined various documents produced by the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Labor and Employment and the Ministry of Health, particularly those documents that touched upon education and training policies and the implementation of such policies. The conclusion is that education, particularly while administered by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Labor and Employment, was one of the major means through which the notion of employability was disseminated. Another conclusion is that the use of this notion has conditioned thinking and behavior in educational processes and labor relations. The Ministry of Health also applied the notion of political employability of workers in the attempt of minimizing the impact of the lack of qualification of the work force in the area of health.
Article
Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar resultados preliminares da produção científica sobre a formação profissional do enfermeiro divulgada em periódicos científicos brasileiros. As fontes deste estudo são a Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem e a Revista Mineira de Enfermagem (Reme), escolhidas entre 129 periódicos brasileiros na área da enfermagem, cujos textos completos estão disponibilizados on-line no Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes). Entre editoriais, artigos de pesquisa, artigos originais, revisões bibliográficas, relatos de experiências, notas/informativos, foram selecionados 36 textos da Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem e 15 da Reme. A análise desse material compreendeu a leitura dos resumos para a identificação do tema central - formação do enfermeiro - e a leitura dos textos completos selecionados, da qual emergiram três núcleos temáticos: fundamentos pedagógicos, ensino de enfermagem e currículo. A análise das produções evidencia uma articulação entre a formação e as recentes políticas públicas para saúde e educação, representando contribuições relevantes para repensar o perfil profissional do enfermeiro a ser formado e a proposta curricular desenvolvida nas instituições de ensino de nível superior.
Article
This article discusses the theoretical and conceptual premises that serve as guidelines for the program of the Joaquim Venâncio Polytechnic Health School course on Professional Education on Administration of Health Services. The article simultaneously describes how the administration of health services was assembled, seeking to identify the knowledge required of technicians in administration of health services, and debates the configuration that was designed for professional education since the promulgation of the Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação (Education Guidelines and Principles Act), of 1996. In the end, the article proposes the creation of a sequential course comprised of crossing axes which seek to train independent professionals that comply with the proposed changes, especially those regarding decentralization, regionalization and democratization in health administration.
Article
The objective of this article is to discuss the emergence of the World Health Organization (WHO) as an international specialized agency. It also debates how the organization operates, major historic and political landmarks and its strategies in the struggle for hegemony in the international sanitary scenario. For such, we researched WHO's documents, directors-general's speeches, texts introducing the institution, articles and editorials. Two specific moments were of fundamental influence to WHO's international health policies: The program Health for All (2000) and the policies fostered by the Gro-Brundtland administration (1998-2002). In this period, not only profound transformations in international health policies were undertaken, but also, the need to establish political and methodological links to the globalization of the economy and the global health policies emerged.
Debate
Many significant transformations in various instances of the social being took place over the past thirty years of capitalist development, especially in the sphere of labor and of social reproduction. That is the period when toyotism, the organic ideology of the new form of capitalist production and the most important moment in the productive reorganization of capitalism, was developed. Under the ideology of toyotism, something we will name 'mind-body compression' tends to take place (at least as capitalism's 'unkept promise'). This is a new element of the social and subjective arrangement instituted by toyotism that characterizes a new way of experiencing the body both in labor and social reproduction processes.
Review
Review
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Review
Interview
Graduado em Filosofia e Doutor em Ciências Políticas pela Universidade de São Paulo - com a tese "A crise hegemônica e sua ideologia: teorias do Estado brasileiro durante o regime militar" -, o professor Emir Sader lecionou em instituições públicas nacionais e internacionais, mantendo intensa colaboração com países latino-americanos. Desde 2000, é professor da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, atuando junto ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia e coordenando o Laboratório de Políticas Públicas. Coordena também o grupo de pesquisa Conhecimento, Autonomia e Participação, onde desenvolve pesquisas em Políticas Públicas e Educação. Em 2004, foi agraciado com o Prêmio Jabuti, concedido pela Câmara Brasileira do Livro. Entre suas obras mais recentes destacam-se Perspectivas (Record, 2005) e Crisis hegemônicas en tiempos imperiales (Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo, Havana, 2004). Temas como o esgotamento teórico do neoliberalismo - e o papel dos movimentos sociais na resistência a este modelo - e o recrudescimento dos fundamentalismos religiosos são abordados nesta entrevista, em sintonia com a produção acadêmica de Sader, que destaca sua arguta visão desses movimentos e do contexto geopolítico do subcontinente latino-americano, resgatando a perspectiva libertadora presente nas diferentes experiências dos países da região.
Experience Report
The Family Health Program, which was adopted by the Municipal Health Secretariat of the city of Vitória, in the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo, as a strategy for structuring municipal primary health care, has been requiring its professionals to have knowledge and skills that are generally not stressed in their academic education. Moreover, the constant input of new concepts and technologies and the demand of the population for health services that are appropriate for their specific needs require health professionals to constantly improve. The municipal health secretariat, responding to these needs, has implemented in 2001 (and institutionalized in 2003) the Permanent Education program for graduate professionals of the Family Health Program staff. This program's actions have been guided by a new notion of continued education, which involves evidence-based contextualized learning that uses innovative methodologies such as peer reviewing and problem-based learning.