Trabalho, Educação e Saúde - TES (Work, Education and Health) is an open access scientific journal, edited by the Joaquim Venâncio Polytechnic School of Health, from Oswaldo Cruz Foundation.
Article
This article seeks to present and discuss the concepts nursing teachers have about work, education and health. To this end, we interviewed seven nursing teachers who work at a higher education institution in the state of Rio de Janeiro. The reports that were obtained pointed to the double side of the work, related, concurrently, with satisfaction and distress, identified, respectively, by creativity/autonomy and obligation/insecurity. The influence neoliberal policies have on employment and in the education and health areas was also noticed. Issues related to education focused on discussing the collective construction of knowledge and civic education. Regarding health, meanwhile, the perceptions of the educators who were interviewed involved concepts of promoting health and its determining factors. The interfaces among work, education and health were perceived in different ways, calling attention to the need for multiple changes in these three areas in order for it to be possible to achieve quality in these relations.
Article
Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir os desdobramentos do processo de formação de facilitadores e o trabalho de efetivação de 'rodas' de Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS) em unidades de serviços de saúde no município de Vitória, Espírito Santo, cenário selecionado a partir de mapeamento dentre várias experiências de EPS em andamento no país. Adota os pressupostos metodológicos sugeridos pela cartografia para produção e análise dos dados, utilizando variadas estratégias, como observação participante, entrevistas individuais e coletivas com os profissionais e usuários. Verifica que o termo EPS admite várias concepções: movimento que coloca o trabalho em análise, visando a definir prioridades locais que promovam a reorganização dos espaços de produção de saúde; estratégia de formação dos profissionais de saúde em um processo constante de subjetivação, como estratégia de gestão, na medida em que possibilita reorganizar a gestão a partir da problematização do trabalho. Verifica a existência de 59 Rodas de EPS distribuídas em 25 serviços de saúde, com a presença de dois facilitadores em cada uma. Conclui que, nesse cenário, as várias concepções disputaram espaço e produziram efeitos, especialmente perceptíveis na mudança da forma como os profissionais compreendem o processo educativo e a sua interação com o cotidiano do trabalho.
Article
The article aims to question the discourse of the national manager, who states that Primary Health Care has been a priority since the 1990s, and to review this policy from the perspective of its institutionality. Both the discourses concerning primary care published in official texts and those presented in scientific articles were analyzed, using the discourse analysis proposed by Foucault as the methodological framework. Primary Health Care appeared on the top of the government priority agenda as a strategy to restructure the health care model in the mid-1990s, with the Family Health Strategy as its flagship. Since Primary Health Care was put on the priority agenda, this policy has gradually incorporated institutionalization, setting resources into motion and including thousands of new players in the political dispute to organize the health system. Still, the stated priority for this policy goes against a backdrop of weakness in health care, specifically primary care, pointing to the need for an analysis of its directionality and construction feasibility.
Article
In this article, child labor concepts and practices are taken up again, as analyzed in the author's thesis and ongoing research, to question, in the relationship between work and education, the possibilities of this child and adolescent social being. Giving continuity to the studies, an investigation is made of a policy of eradicating child labor and of having a safety network included in the scope of full protection. The author focuses on the relationship between work and training of both child and young workers and of those who work on the social policies that are part of the conditionalities for the fellowship under the Program for the Eradication of Child Labor (Peti). The text is organized into three sections: the historicity of child labor in the capitalist accumulation process, the production of the 'Work and Education' Working Group, of the National Association of Graduate Studies and Research in Education (Anped) on the theme, and current status of the issue. Thus, the article emphasizes the 'child labor' object as both the product and engine of the accumulation which, with nuances, remains functional to capital. The successive productive restructuring processes associated with the State's management modes weaken the movements in labor laws on the international level and, in the Brazilian case, the progress represented by the Children and Adolescent Statute (ECA), which maintains and deepens this social wound.
Article
This article examines the perceptions regarding tutor and student attitudes in the learning processes during an on-line professional refresher course. In the study, interviews were carried out among ten students and three tutors of the course by means of semi-structured roadmaps that covered the following aspects: admission to the course, technologies, content, assessment activities, mentoring, mediation, and expectations about the course. The roadmaps were organized into topics that would enable the identification of the structural conditions for the use of the tools that were available in the virtual environment, the types of interaction, the understanding of the content, as well as participants' expectations with respect to the objectives proposed by the course. The interviewees' reports point to important questions to be considered when designing and managing on-line courses, such as the need for periodic adjustments of the course's educational proposal in order to meet the demands of both students and tutors with regard not only to how the content is organized but also to updating it, the means through which the material can be accessed, and the implementation of assessment activities that are consistent with work experience.
Article
This article examines, from a gender perspective, the type of employability the population holding higher education degrees had over the last thirty years of the twentieth century. To achieve its goals, it first outlines the broader changes witnessed in the work market in this period based on a dialogue with the literature of reference. Then, based on the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics' database of census figures of 1970 and 2000, it compares different patterns and trends of some variables regarding the labor market among men and women. This approach discusses the extent to which the dynamics seen in this segment also play out a gender division of labor. The main results show that already in the 1970s most women in this group worked full time. This trend accentuated in the thirty years in question, and in the other variables trends increasingly closer to those seen among men were also noticeable. However, the persistence of female occupational segmentation and the major wage differentials still point to a gradual deconstruction of the constraints surrounding the presence of these women in the workplace.
Review
Review
Ensaio
This essay is intended to retrieve Marxism - as an epistemological, theoretical, methodological and political body aimed toward overcoming Capitalism - in the political and conceptual debate agenda in field of Collective Health. It discusses the symbolic field as a field for the expression of ideologies that underpin capitalism and which uses, among other strategies,the silencing of Marxism, and even of capitalism, to eliminate criticism and political questioning. It relates these mechanisms to health, identifying some fields in which capitalism operates in this area. It presents a few philosophical, theoretical and methodological foundations of the 'theory of praxis,' highlighting the indissoluble unity between critical theory and transformative action. Finally, it urges health care practitioners, researchers and educators to (re)engage in the struggle against Capitalism, taking up the banner of Socialism aiming to achieve the actual right to health.
Experience Report
This report presents the 'big health bingo' activity as a differentiated proposal for participatory management and care, at a health care unit, in the context of the Family Health Strategy. The experience is combined with the assumptions of the humanization and popular health education policy, focusing on the democratization and decentralization of management and care, recognizing the citizen-users and subject-employees as agents of collective practices within the Community. Value is given to cooperation and collective willingness, which allow the sharing of knowledge and health practices. By means of the game called 'bingo,' themes, speeches, thoughts, and interactions are highlighted as a common means of community expression and meanings about the moments of health unit. This process has allowed the strengthening of the professional-user bond and the exchange of knowledge on health management in their local councils.